COMPONENTS AND HOW TO WORK THE CYLINDER MASTER IN A CAR BRAKE SYSTEM

The master cylinder is one of the components in a car brake a system that has a function, namely to convert the mechanical force of the brake pedal to hydraulic pressure in the brake fluid.

a. Master cylinder components

The master cylinder components consist of the piston, piston seal, return spring, and reservoir. The reservoir has a cap with a diaphragm rubber seal that must be in good condition in order to close properly. In addition, partially places brake fluid and alert the driver of low fluid conditions.

* Compensating Ports

A compensation hole is a small hole that connects between the master cylinder and the workspace (front side of the master cylinder piston). When the master cylinder piston is in the free position (no braking), the piston seal is between the compensation port and the bypass port. The purpose of the compensation port is to allow normal expansion and expansion of brake fluid due to temperature changes. In addition, the function of the compensation port is as a fluid return channel after the brake pedal is released.

* Bypass Ports

The bypass port is a channel component between the reservoir and the master cylinder chamber. However, the bypass port is a channel for low pressure or the backside of the piston. The bypass port function is to allow the master cylinder piston to return to its original position quickly and prevent air from entering the master cylinder.

There are two pistons (primary and secondary) and two springs in the master cylinder. When the brake pedal is in the free position of the piston and the master cylinder seal is between the compensation port and the bypass port so that the brake fluid is in contact with the workspace and the low-pressure space behind the piston.

b. Position on the brake

There are two pistons (primary and secondary) and two springs in the master cylinder. The moving push rod pushes the main piston forward which starts to build up pressure in the main chamber and is dispensed when the brake pedal is depressed. When the brake pedal is depressed further, the fluid pressure between the primary and secondary pistons continues to increase, forcing the front secondary piston and creating pressure in the secondary circuit. If the brakes are operating properly, the pressure will be the same in both circuits.

c. The brake pedal position is released after braking

* When the brake pedal is free the following things can happen: The return spring pushes the master cylinder piston back to its original position faster than the brake fluid returns through the hydraulic line. The pistons must return quickly so that the brake system can be ready to press again if needed. The rapid return of the piston can create a vacuum in the high-pressure chamber of the master cylinder.

* Bypass port can allow brake fluid from a reservoir to fill low-pressure piston chamber.

* Brake fluid from the low-pressure chamber then passes through the hole in the piston and passes through the piston seal lip. The piston can then return and cause additional fluid to be moved to the front of the piston, as a result there is excess brake fluid residing in the master cylinder workspace. This excess fluid is easily returned to the reservoir via the compensation port that is already open when the master cylinder piston has reached the limiter.

* The brake circuit is leaking

If there is a leak in one of the brake circuits, that circuit will not be able to maintain pressure. The image below shows what happens when one leak. In this example, the leak is in the primary circuit and the pressure between the primary and secondary pistons is lost. This pressure causes the main piston loss to depress the secondary piston and the master cylinder now acts as if it only had one piston. The secondary circuit will continue to function properly. Only two wheels have pressure, braking power will be reduced.

The following are the basic types of leak indication:

* External leakage - brake fluid can usually be seen flowing on the outside of the booster.

* Internal leakage - the brake pedal will usually feel light and the pace becomes long when pressed with a foot.